题　名  高校国际科技合作研究的法律适用机制  
作　者  冯昌盛  
作者单位  吉林大学,法学院,长春市 130012  
专　业  法学理论  
指导教师  吕岩峰
学位级别  303  
馆藏索取号  3990383  
中文文摘  本文以总结归纳法作为主要研究方法,理论与实践相结合,对高校国际科技合作研究的法律适用机制进行了初步探讨,以期能对指导具体实践有所帮助。
国际科技合作现已成为促进科学繁荣、技术进步和推动经济、社会发展的重要途径,成为发展国家友好关系,促进经济贸易,强化国际市场竞争能力的手段。高等院校是推动我国科技进步和社会发展的一支重要力量,已经成为我国科技结构中一个极其重要的有机组成部分,其作用和地位是不可代替的。高校参与国际科技合作,有利于在世界经济技术一体化大潮中发展自己,并在不断吸收、借鉴和引进国外先进成熟的技术和经验的基础上,加速自身的发展和科技水平的提高,从而适应市场经济体制和可持续发展的要求。
合作研究是高校所普遍采用的、能更好发挥优势、满足自身发展需要的一种国际科技合作与交流形式。组织和开展国际科技合作研究活动的依据是科技合作研究协议。合作协议的有关问题已经成为我们探讨高校国际科技合作研究的法律适用机制的基础。因此,笔者首先结合法律条文和法学研究成果对合作研究协议的性质进行了界定,分析认为用法律行为说来界定合同法意义上的“合同”概念是比较合适的。非赢利性的国际科技合作协议实际上是合作各方当事人在合意基础上产生、变更、终止国际科技合作研究的权利义务关系的一种合同法意义上的“合同”。以此为基础,笔者又比较了国际科技合作研究协议与现已研究颇多的国际技术转让合同,认为这两种合同的异同主要体现在以下几个方面:1.合同主体都有涉外因素。2.合同主体之间都要在一定的时期内进行密切的合作。3.合同主体对所可能涉及技术成果享有的权利不同。4.合同主体之间的技术地位不同。5.在国家对合同的管理严格程度上有所不同。
为了使所探讨的法律适用机制能够有尽可能强的可操作性,笔者采用理论指导实际的研究方式,即先研究高校国际科技合作研究活动中所可能涉及到的有借鉴意义的法律规范,然后再分析并归纳出在高校国际科技合作研究中应依据的法律基本准则,最后探讨国际科技合作研究的法律适用原则问题,从而勾勒出法律适用机制的雏形,来指导高校科研机构和科技人员来更好地开展国际科技合作研究活动。
高校开展国际科技合作研究活动所可能涉及的法律规范主要体现在以下几个方面:1.与合同有关的法律法规。2.与知识产权有关的法律法规。3.与科学技术管理有关的法律法规。4.与解决法律冲突有关的法律法规。
笔者主要通过分析研究民法通则、合同法和国际私法的基本原则,来确定高校国际科技合作研究活动所应依据的基本法律准则。这些部门法的法律基本原则,虽然都应作为高校开展国际科技合作研究活动的法律原则,但针对组织和开展高校国际科技合作研究的具体实际需要,笔者认为有四条法律原则是至关重要的,即诚实信用原则,平等互利原则,鼓励合作原则和效率原则,可以作为其所应依据的基本法律准则。
结合高校国际科技合作研究的实践,笔者认为其法律适用主要应体现以下原则:1.鼓励意思自治的原则。2.接受特征履行标准的最密切联系的原则。3.寻求合理的知识产权保护的原则。
最后,为了满足实际应用的需要,笔者在附录部分对下两个方面作了补充。一是草拟了高校国际科技合作研究协议文本的基本架构,对协议所应包括的一些主要条款做了简要介绍。二是提供了高校国际科技合作研究协议文书的两点说明。

英文文摘  The thesis is a pilot study on application of law for international cooperation on science and technology in university, with the mainly study method-induction and theory linking practice. It is supposed to be useful for practice.
Now, international cooperation on science and technology research is the important way to approach prosperity of science and advance of technology and promote the development of economy and society. It is the method for developing nation affiliation and economy trade and strengthening competition in international market too. University, as one of the important elements of society in promoting the development of science, technology and society, is the most important part of scientific research structure in our country. It''s function and position cannot be replaced with. Attaching itself to international cooperation on science and technology is propitious for university to develop itself in the global tide of permeating economy, science and technology and speedup the development and improvement of science and technology based on absorbing, fetching in and using the advance and mature technique and experience aboard for reference. The market economy and continuously developing make it so.
Cooperation on science and technology research, that is one of fashions of international cooperation and exchange, is widely accepted by university because in which university develops better with itself advantage. It is the cooperation agreement on science and technology that directs all actions of international cooperation on science and technology. The issue of the agreement is the basis on which application of law for international cooperation on science and technology in university is discussed. So, at the first place, the character of the agreement was clarified based on the terms of law and achievements of legal research and thought it is more suitable to define "Contract" in Contract Law with the theory of juristic act. Actually, the unprofitable agreement is the "contract" in Contract Law that states the civil right and obligation relationship to each side in cooperation. Based on the definition, the agreement is compared with the contract of international transfer of technology. The following is their similarities and differences. 1. Foreign elements are involved in both. 2. Close cooperation is carried on at stated period in both. 3. The sharing right of the technical achievement to each side in cooperation is not same. 4. The technical level of each side is difference. 5. The administered degree of the contract by nation is difference.
With a view to operability of the discussed application of law, the statutes that can be used for reference by the international cooperation on science and technology research in university has been studied at first. Then the legal basic norms directing the act of the international cooperation were concluded with the basic principle of the statutes above. At last, the principles of application of law for international cooperation on science and technology research in university were discussed.
The statutes concerned with the international cooperation on science and technology research in university is the following. 1. The statutes to be related to contract. 2. The statutes to be related to intellectual property. 3. The statutes to be related to management of science and technology. 4. The statutes to be related to solving conflict of law.
The legal basic norms directing the international cooperation on science and technology research in university were concluded from the basic principles of Civil law, Contract Law and Private International Law. They are the principle of good faith and credibility, the principle of equality and mutual benefit, the principle of encouraging cooperation and the principle of efficiency.
According to practice, encouraging free expression, accepting the principle of closest connection by the rule of characteristic performance and reasonable protection to property right should be used as the basic principle of application of Law for the international cooperation on science and technology research in university.
In the appendix, the frame of the agreement is offered and two points of the written form of the agreement are stated

关键词  高校,国际科技合作,自由词  
分类标识  D905.2  
论文注解日期  19990415  
总页数  38P