题　名  票据犯罪问题研究  
作　者  王云  
作者单位  吉林大学,法学院,长春市 130012  
专　业  经济法学  
指导教师  赵新华
学位级别  303  
馆藏索取号  3990382  
中文文摘  票据犯罪是当前社会经济领域中一种十分猖獗的犯罪,其特点是发案率高,个案值大,涉及范围广而又不易查处。票据犯罪不仅严重扰乱了国家的金融管理秩序,而且严重侵害了有关当事人的财产利益,因此它比普通犯罪具有更强的社会危害性。然而,我们的现有立法和管理经验又明显粗疏和不足,因而对日趋严重的票据犯罪不能得到行之有效的控制和解决。
本文从票据犯罪的概念特征、表现形态、罪行认定及打击与防范角度,对票据犯罪问题进行了深入的分析和探讨以期对我国票据犯罪问题的解决有所裨益。
全文由四个部分构成,第一部分探讨了票据犯罪的概念与特征；第二部分列示了较典型的票据犯罪的表现形态；第三部分讨论了票据犯罪的认定问题；第四部分提出了如何打击票据犯罪及相关票据犯罪的防范措施。
文章第一部分首先从票据犯罪的归属领域和票据犯罪的实质上对票据犯罪的概念加以界定:票据犯罪是指违反票据法的有关规定,以非法占有为目的,利用票据进行欺诈活动,破坏国家金融管理秩序,获取非法利益,严重损害国家及个人利益的行为。票据犯罪属于金融犯罪领域,其实质就是票据诈骗犯罪。而后,从国内外两方面分析展示了票据犯罪的立法进程与现状。最后对票据犯罪的特征进行了研究。
第二部分通过对票据犯罪行为手段的比较研究,将票据犯罪划分为利用有瑕疵或无效票据进行的票据犯罪、利用真实有效票据进行的票据犯罪及利用空白票据凭证进行的票据犯罪等六种类型,并对每一犯罪类型的具体表现形态进行了细致的研究和分析,以客观实例将形形色色的票据犯罪客观表现形态形象系统地展示出来。
第三部分,比较深入地探讨了票据犯罪的认定问题。首先,文章探讨了票据犯罪与普通诈骗犯罪的界限,二者在客体方面、犯罪对象与客体的关系方面、客体的存在状态方面以及犯罪行为的独立性方面均存在差异。其次,探讨了票据犯罪上的罪与非罪的界限,其中包括伪造、变造票据罪在行为程度上以及主观方面的罪与非罪的界限,故意使用伪造、变造的票据行为在罪与非罪上的界限,签发空头支票,虚假记载票据,以及付款人与出票人、持票人恶意串通,实施票据欺诈等行为在罪与非罪上的界限。再次,文章深入细致地探讨了票据犯罪的法律适用问题,对各类票据犯罪行为应如何定罪处理,从单一行为和非单一行为的票据伪造、变造,使用作废票据,虚假记载票据等方面一一做了分析和研究。
本文第四部分,从现行《刑法》和《票据法》的立法缺陷及立法冲突角度入手,探讨了票据犯罪在立法方面的防范措施,同时针对当前金融机关工作中存在的诸多弊端从客观上研究分析了票据犯罪的金融机关防范措施,并为有效控制和减少票据犯罪案件的发生,提出了完善立法和加强金融机关管理的主张。文章最后对票据犯罪的社会防范措施进行了简明扼要的分析。

英文文摘  Bills offence is a very rampant crime in both social and economic fields today. It is featured by high rate of case arising, big value of case, wide range of involvement, and the fact that it is hard to investigate and prosecute. Bills offence can not only seriously disturb the financial order of a state but also seriously infringe the property and interests of the part concerned. Therefore, it shows bigger social harmfulness than ordinary criminal offence. However, our existing legislation and administrative experience is obviously rough and insufficient, so we cannot effectively control and attack increasingly serious bills offence.
In this paper, in order to help the settlement of bills offence in our country, the author has thoroughly analyzed and approached bills offence from the angles of conceptual characteristics, forms of expression, offence determination, and how to attack and prevent bills offence.
This paper consists of four parts. In part one, the concept and characteristics of bills offence have been discussed; In part two, typical forms of expression of bills offence have been listed; In part three, the determination of bills offence has been discussed; and in part four, measures have been raised concerning how to attack and prevent bills offence or crimes in relation to bills offence.
In part one of this paper, the author has firstly defined the concept of bills offence from the jurisdiction of crime and the nature of bills offence: Bills offence refers to the activities that violate relevant provisions of Instrument Law take the illegal ownership make degradation with bills, destroy financial order of the state, gain illegal benefit, and do great harm to the interests of state and individual persons. Bills offence belongs to the scope of financial crime and its nature is the degradation offence with bills. Then, the author analyzed the legislative process and present situation of bills offence domestically and internationally. Finally, the author described the characteristics of bills offence.
In part two, through comparative study on tricks of bills offence, the author divided the bills offence into six types of utilization of flaw or in-valid bills, utilization of true and valid bills, and utilization of blank bills. Then, the author made detailed analysis of the forms of expression of different types of the bills offence, and systematically presented the forms of expression of bills offence of different types with objective examples.
In part three, the author made detailed discussion on the determination of bills offence. Firstly, the author discussed the dividing line of bills offence and ordinary degradation crime and told us that there is difference in objects the relationship between criminal target and object, status of existence of objects, and the independence of the criminal activities. Secondly, the author discussed the dividing line between come and non crime, including that of bills forgery in extent of activities and on objective aspect; that in utilization of the forgery, and that in bills bearing false records, and implementation of bills degradation by malicious collaboration of payer, bills maker and bills bearer. Finally, the author deeply discussed the application of law for bills offence, how to judge different cases of bills offence, and analyzed bills forgery and changes, use of invalid bills and bills bearing false records in either single activity or non - single activity.
In part four, from the angle of legislative defects and conflicts in Criminal Law and Instrument Law today, the author discussed the pre-cautions to be taken in the legislation against bills offence. Meanwhile, according to corrupt practice in financial organs nowadays, the author studied the prevention measures to be taken by the financial organs against bills offence, and raised his point of view on how to perfect legislation and enhance the management of financial organs for the purpose of the effective control and reduction of bills offence. At last, the author made a concise analysis of prevention measures to be taken by the whole society against bills offence.

关键词  票据,犯罪,构成,认定,自由词  
分类标识  D922.294  
论文注解日期  19990415  
总页数  36P