题　名  连带责任制度研究  
作　者  戴孟勇  
作者单位  吉林大学,法学院,长春市 130012  
专　业  民法学  
指导教师  崔建远，  
学位级别  303  
馆藏索取号  3980343  
中文文摘  连带责任是指多数债务人中的任何一人均须承担违反治定义务或约定义务的全部强制性法律后果的一种共同责任。它是现代各国民法中较为重要的一种民事责任制度，本文即对连带责任制度的有关问题进行了较为深入、系统的研究。
论文的引论部分首先分析了债务和责任的区别，在此基础上进一步探讨了连带债务和连带责任的差异，认为连带责任并非连带债务，连带债务只是可能产生连带责任的原因之一。
论文的第一部分是连带责任总论。论文在考察了连带责任的历史发展过程之后，对连带责任的概念、构成要件、成因、制度价值等问题进行了探讨。论文认为连带责任的构成要件有三：一是须有两个以上能独立承担民事责任的主体对同一债权人负有责任；二是数债务人所承担的责任须为数个独立责任；三是此数个责任须具有使同一债权获得确保及满足的目的。关于连带责任的成因，论文认为在连带债务，不可分债务，并存的债务承担、不真正连带债务、连带责任保证、共同保证等情形，于债权未获实现时，均可产生连带责任。连带责任的制度价值一方面在于可使债权获得确保及满足，另方面在于可使债权的实现迅速快捷。
论文第二部分分析了连带责任的外部关系。在借鉴传统民法理论和各种立法例的基础上，论文认为在债权人行使权利方面，在正常情况下，债权人可同时或先后请求一个、数个或全体债务人承担部分或全部责任。于有债务人受破产宣告时，债权人的权利行使则有所限制。在牵连关系的有无方面，论文认为清偿、提存、抵销等应为室完全绝对效力事项；混同、时效完成、确定判决等应为限制绝对效力事项；除此而外的事项，如履行迟延、加害给付等均为相对效力事项。
论文第三部分研究了连带责任的内部关系，论文在探讨了债务分担标准之后，又分析了求偿权的概念、理论基础及其构成要件等。论文认为求偿权理论基础应为自已责任原则，求偿权的构成要件则包括三方面：一是须债务人有清偿或可与清偿生同一效果的其他财产给付行为；二是须因该债务人的财产给付行为而使他债务人共同免责；三是须使他债务人的共同免责额超过该债务人的分担额。在此基础上，论文还对求偿权的扩张、求偿权的限制及债务人代权等到问题进行了深入的探讨。
论文第四部分对连带责任的诉讼关系进行了探讨。论文认为在债权人与各债务人的诉讼关系上，债权人既可单独起诉一债务人，也可将部分或全体债务人列为共同被告。在求偿权人与求偿义务人的诉讼关系上，则求偿权人与求偿义务人的诉讼关系上，则求偿权人可提起单独之诉或普通的共同诉讼。论文还对连带责任判决的效力及执行问题进行了探讨。  
英文文摘  The joint and several liability (solidum) is a kind of joint liability, which juridical results from breaching statutory or provisional duties. It''s an important system in modern civil law. This thesis is a systematic studying to the joint and several liability and it''s reverent problems.
Obligation and liability is distinguished in introduction. On this base, the difference between the solidarity obligation and the solidum is checked. Then the author points out that the solidarity obligation differs from the solidum, which the later is just one reason to the former'' s occurring.
Part one is a general rule of solidum. Based on the studying of its evolution, this part researches its conception, constructive elements, its contributing factors and systematic values. The solidum includes three elements: I. There should be at least two subjects who can solely suffer the civil liability from the debtor. II. The liabilities which several debtors suffering from should be the multiplied solitary liabilities. III. The several liabilities should have a common aim to ensure the debt of the debtor. As far as contributing factors are concerned, besides the breaching of solidarity obligation. Unreal solidarity obligation., guaranty of solidum joint security, etc. can also result solidum. One of values of the solidum is to ensure the debt, and the other is to promote paying the debt.
Part two analyzes the outer relevance of the solidum. At first the author compares the legislation in different countries. Then he argues that under normal condition, the debtor can require one, several or all debtees suffering the liability, and the right of the debtor is somehow restricted when any of debtees is bankrupt. In respect of existence of solidarity, the author argues that payment, offset, delay of acceptance etc. have complete absolute validity. But avsolvement of debt, mixture validity. But absolvement of debt, mixture, definite judgement etc. have just limited absolute validity. Those apart from the above only have relative validity.
Part three studies inner relationships of solidum. It analyses the conception and theoretic base of recourse on the basis of investigating the standard of sharing debts. The author points out that component element of recourse three aspects. Furthermore, the author makes a deep research on enlargement and restrictment of recourse, right of subrogation and other problems.
Part four probes into litigant relationship of solidum. The author holds that debtor can sue any. Several, all of debtors. Recourse can sue either any of other debtees or all of them.

关键词  连带责任,求偿权,代位权,自由词  
分类标识  D923.3  
论文注解日期  19971212  
总页数  99P